Ah, I wish I could write linearly at all. I think I usually write... in a pyramid shape. For me, a story starts with an idea. It starts with a conceptual sentence and often, as a veteran author once instructed me, the words 'what if'. Then that idea goes into a certain section of a pocket journal I carry everywhere.
I think up little chunks of these stories every now and again, but once one of them starts growing faster than the others, I focus on it, because it's gained my attention. By then it would have formed at least a general outline, so then I can actively work on it, writing down and rubbing out and altering ideas every now and again, until it starts to look a bit like a story. Somewhere around here I come up with a general idea for the ending, so that I can thread these ideas from the start to the finish like beads on a necklace. This meta-writing goes on until I can play the story over in my head without anything seeming out of place.
Then comes the hard part. Actually typing the story up is a severe toll on my muse, so I like to leave it until the very end. This is when the jury-rigged ideas become 'real' and 'solid', though, and most of the details are added in here, like how someone talks, how places look, general refinement of the themes, etc. This part is slow and difficult work for me, and I like to get it right the first time, so I could spend hours just trying to find the right word, for example. Once that's done, though, then it is indeed all done; I almost never go back and change anything.
In other words... I think I use all three of those techniques

.
As a side note, I've never attempted anything over a few dozen pages. I don't really think this process would work for a novel-length story. Basically all I do is hold and work on a storyline in my head, and then type it out once and only once. And that would probably be hard to do for anything over a hundred pages.